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Chiques Creek
Chiques Creek (known as ''Chickies Creek'' until 2002) is a 〔U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. (The National Map ), accessed August 8, 2011〕 tributary of the Susquehanna River in Lebanon and Lancaster counties, Pennsylvania in the United States.
The source is at an elevation of near Mount Gretna Heights in Lebanon County. The mouth is the confluence with the Susquehanna River at an elevation of at Marietta in Lancaster County.
==Name==
The name of the creek (Chiquesalunga) comes from the ''Susquehannock'' or ''Conestoga'' Indian term ''Ka'ot'sch'ie'ra'', which means "Place-crayfish."〔Zeisberger, David. ''Indian Dictionary: English, German, Iroquois—The Onondaga and Algonquin—The Delaware''. Harvard University Press, 1887. ISBN 1104253518, p. 48. The language of the people of Conestoga has never been written down. It seems to have been, however, very closely related to the language spoken by the ''Ononda'seroni'' ("Hill-place-people" or the ''Onondagas''). The neighboring ''Len'api'' considered the people who lived along the Chiquesalunga as southern Onondagas and as foreigners.〕 The surrounding area, including Chiques Creek and the large rock wall or promontory that overlooks the Susquehanna River (called "Chickies Rock" at Chickies Rock County Park), between modern Marietta and Columbia, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, was called ''Ka'ot'sch'ie'ra'' by the native people (or, to the English, "Chiquesalunga"). The word "Conestoga" comes from the native term ''Gan'ochs'a'go'jat'ga'', which means "roof." As such, it was their word for "town."〔Zeisberger, David. ''Indian Dictionary: English, German, Iroquois—The Onondaga and Algonquin—The Delaware'', p. 161. Harvard University Press, 1887. ISBN 1104253518.〕 The ''Len'api'' would later call the area ''Scha'hamu'is'ing'' or "Crawfish-place."〔Brinton, Daniel G., C.F. Denke, and Albert Anthony. ''A Lenâpé - English Dictionary''. Biblio Bazaar, 2009. ISBN 978-1103149223, p. 126.〕
The United States Geological Survey Board on Geographic Names has made three official decisions on the name of the creek, deciding it was Chickies Creek in 1896 and 1916 before changing it to Chiques Creek in 2002. The USGS Geographic Names Information System recognizes the following thirteen variant names for the creek: Big Chickies Creek, Big Chiques Creek, Big Chiquesalunga Creek, Chickesalapga Creek, Chickeswalungo Creek, Chickies Creek, Chickisalungo Creek, Chicques Creek, Chikiswalunga Creek, Chikiswalungo Creek, Chiquasatunga Creek, Chiquesatonga Creek, and Chiquesatunga Creek.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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